Business and Inflation
Business and Inflation
Inflation (Latin Inflatio - swelling) - raising the general level of prices for goods and services. With inflation on the same amount of money after a while you can buy fewer goods and services than before. In this case it is said that during this time, the purchasing power of money has decreased, depreciated money - have lost some of its real value.
Deflation is the opposite process - reducing the overall price level (negative growth). In today's economy are rare and short-term, usually the season. For example, prices for grain immediately after harvest is usually reduced. Prolonged deflation characteristic of the very few countries. Today can serve as an example of deflation, Japan's economy (within 1%). There are instances when government policies led to a long period of decline in retail prices with a gradual increase in wages (for example, in the Soviet Union in the last years of Stalin's life, and under the government of Ludwig Erhard in West Germany since 1950).
Inflation is caused by monetary and structural factors:
- monetary: inconsistency of monetary demand and commodities, as demand for goods and services exceeds the turnover; excess of income over consumption expenditure, government deficit, over-investment - investment volume exceeds the capacity of the economy, outpacing wage growth compared to the growth of production and productivity improvement labor;
- structural causes: the deformation of national economic structure, which is expressed in the lagging development of industries in the consumer sector, reduction of capital efficiency and curbing the growth of consumption, the imperfection of the system of economic management;
- external causes - reducing revenues from foreign trade, the negative balance of trade balance of payments.
Structural inflation is interindustry macroeconomic imbalances. Among the institutional causes of inflation can distinguish the causes associated with the monetary sector and the reasons associated with the organizational structure of markets. In general, this set of reasons as follows:
1. Monetary factors:
unjustified creation of money for short-term needs of the state;
financing of the budget deficit (may be by printing money or by borrowing from the central bank).
2. The high level of monopolization. Since the monopoly has market power, it is able to influence the price. Monopolization may increase inflation, which started as a result of other causes.
3. Militarizovannost' of economy. Arms production, increasing GDP, will not increase the productive capacity of the country. From an economic point of view, high military expenditures hinder the development of the country. Consequences of militarization are budget deficits, imbalances in the economy, underproduction of consumer goods, with increasing demand, i.e. trade deficit and inflation.
Depending on the rate (flow rate), the following types of inflation:
Creeping (moderate) - the price increase not more than 10% per year. Preserve the value of money, the contracts signed in nominal prices.
Economic theory such inflation is considered the best because it comes at the expense renewability range, it provides an opportunity to adjust prices, changing demand and supply conditions. This inflation is controlled, because it can be adjusted.
Galloping (jump) - prices from 10-20 to 50-200% in a year. The contracts are beginning to take into account the rise in prices, the people putting money into tangible assets. Inflation is difficult to manage, often conducted monetary reform. These changes indicate a sick economy, leading to stagnation, that is, to the economic crisis.
Hyperinflation - price rise of more than 50% per month. The annual rate of more than 100%. Welfare even segments of society and normal economic relations are destroyed. Uncontrollable and requires extraordinary measures. As a result of the production and exchange of hyperinflation stop declining real volume of national output, unemployment is rising, businesses are closed and there is bankruptcy.
The effects of inflation.Β
As any multi-factor economic process of inflation has a number of effects:
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- the discrepancy in the estimates of between cash flow and cash reserves.
All cash holdings (deposits, loans, balances on accounts, etc.) impaired.
Impaired as well securities. Sharply aggravated the problem of the issue
of money;
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- spontaneous, uncontrolled redistribution of income: in case of inflation
lose lenders, sellers, exporters, employees of public enterprises, and
the benefit of the debtor, buyers, importers, workers of the real sector.
Thanks to inflation there are «imaginary» income, which may or
may not do in the financial system;
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- distorts all the main economic indicators: GDP, margin, interest and
etc.;
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- the price growth is accompanied by a fall in the exchange rate of
the national monetary unit.
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Impact of inflation on the economic life can be considered in two directions:
the impact on the redistribution of national income and the volume
of national production.
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Impact on the redistribution of national income.Β
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As mentioned earlier, the national income is generated from a variety
of sources. They can be divided into fixed (the income is fixed for
a certain period of time) and variables (income varies depending on
the activity of the economic agent). It is obvious that the consequences
of inflation are the most difficult for people with fixed incomes, as
their real purchasing capacity is decreasing. People living in the not
fixed incomes can benefit from inflation, if their nominal income increases
more rapidly than prices rise (i.e., their real income increases).Β
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Suffer from inflation may and the owners of savings, if the rate of
interest on the Deposit (the Bank or the securities) is lower than the
rate of inflation.Β
Inflation is also redistributes income between lenders and borrowers,
and the winners are the last. Having received long-term loans at fixed
interest, the borrower will have to repay only part of it, as the real
purchasing power of money will decrease because of inflation. In order
to protect the creditors, with long-term loans can be used floating
interest rates linked to the level of inflation.Β
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For many people inflation is a social evil because performs arbitrary
redistribution of - the poor may become even poorer and the rich richer.
Because, as a rule, it is less provided layers of the population receive
a fixed income (fixed wage rate, the interest on Bank deposits, etc.).Β
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Impact on the volume of national production.Β
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Concerning the impact of inflation on the volume of production there
are two opinions. The first is that inflation, i.e. the growth of prices,
stimulates the manufacturer to create more products. Such a situation
is possible, if the macroeconomic equilibrium will be at the III division
of the curve of the aggregate supply. In this case, if some of moderate
inflation, it is possible to achieve a high level of production and
employment.Β
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A second opinion about the consequences of inflation is just the opposite.
If in the country there is inflation, as already mentioned earlier,
the volume of production is reduced. With inflation of demand in conditions
of full employment the growth of prices, but production remains at the
same level. In the latter case, there can be a situation of self-reproduction
of inflation, or an inflationary spiral: the increased demand causes
a rise in prices, which, in turn, formed in inflation expectations,
causing a new wave of panic demand.Β
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Socio-economic consequences.Β
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Inflation has an impact on the volume of national production. For example,
the hyperinflation of production and of exchange leads to their stop,
which in turn leads to the decrease of the real volume of national production,
an increase in unemployment, closure of enterprises and bankruptcy.Β
In the economy of uneven redistributed income.Β
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To determine the effects of inflation on the redistribution of income
used indicators:Β
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1. nominal income is income, expressed at nominal value of money (e.g.,
remuneration of labour);Β
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2. the real income:Β
- shows the purchasing capacity of the nominal income;Β
- shows the number of goods that can be purchased for the amount of
nominal income in the comparable conditions of prices.Β
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Inflation can be foreseen, i.e. the growth of prices provided for in
the Federal budget and emergency, which may lead to an uneven redistribution
of income.Β
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From unforeseen inflation lose income:Β
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- holders of savings in the current account (money loses value and savings
decreases);Β
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- lenders (the person that issued the loan), after a while they await
the return of the loan the money which lost its purchasing power. To
compensate for the losses from inflation, the lenders determine the
applicable interest rate on the loan, to cover the loss (loss).Β
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Therefore, there are:Β
- nominal interest rate (the interest rate set forth in the credit agreement);Β
- the real interest rate (nominal interest rate, multiplied by the level
of inflation (deducted level of increase of prices in percentage).Β
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For the entrepreneur important the real interest rate, i.e. income which
he had, even in conditions of inflation.
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Methods of measurement of inflation.Β
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The most common method of measuring inflation is the consumer price
index (Consumer Price Index, CPI), which is calculated relative to the
base period.Β
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In Russia, the Federal state statistics service publishes the official
consumer price indices, which characterize the level of inflation. In
addition, these indices are used as a correction factor, for example,
when calculating the compensation of damages and the like. If you change
the methodology of the calculation, then the same price changes of the
consumer market, the results may significantly differ from the official.
At the same time, these unofficial results may not be taken into account
in actual practice, for example, they cannot be referenced in court.
The most controversial point is the composition of the consumer basket
as to the fulfillment, and so on variability. Basket can focus on the
real structure of consumption. Then over time, it should change. But
any change in the composition of the basket makes the comparable previous
data with the current. The index of inflation is distorted. On the other
hand, if you do not change the basket, after some time it will cease
to correspond to the real structure of consumption. She would give comparable
results, but will not reflect the real costs and will not reflect their
real dynamics.Β
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In addition to the index of consumer prices there are other methods
which allow one to calculate inflation. Typically, there are several
basic methods:Β
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PPI (Producer Price Index, PPI) - reflects the production cost without
accounting for the additional price of distribution and sales taxes.
The value of PPI ahead of the CPI.Β
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The index of the living costs (Cost-of-living Index, COLI) - takes into
account the balance of the increase of revenues and increase in expenditures.Β
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The index of prices of the assets: shares, real estate, the price of
borrowed capital and others. Usually the prices of the assets are growing
faster than prices for consumer goods and the value of money. Therefore,
the owners of assets due to inflation only get richer.Β
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The GDP deflator (GDP Deflator) - is calculated as change in the price
of a group of identical goods.Β
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Purchasing power parity of the national currency and exchange rate fluctuations.Β
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The Paasche index - shows the ratio of the current consumer spending
to expenses for purchase of the same product set in the prices of the
base period.
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ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠ‘Π’Π
ΠΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΒ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΒ
Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡΒ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ:Β ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΒ ΠΈΒ Π±Π΅Π·
ΠΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Β ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ,
Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ (ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈ,
Π±Π°Π±Ρ ΠΈ Ρ.ΠΏ.).Β Β
ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°,
Ρ. Π΅. ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ.Β Β
Π ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ (30Β°Π‘) Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ
Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡ Π½Π° 1β1,5 Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ
Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π² Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π°.Β Β
ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π² Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡ, ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ
ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄Ρ.Β Β
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡ Π½Π° 2 ΡΠ°ΡΠ°.Β Β
ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡ
Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ.Β Β
Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ
2β3 ΡΠ°Π·Π°.Β Β
ΠΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌΒ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ
Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅ΠΌΡ
Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·. Π’Π΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ
2β3 ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ
(Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ·Ρ Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ).Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°:Β Β
Π½Π° 1 ΠΊΠ³ ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ 1 Ρ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, 1 ΡΡ.
Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°, 3 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠ½), 2 ΡΠΉΡΠ°, 2 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΈ 30β50 Π³ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ (ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ
Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ).Β Β
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ
Π½Π° 15β20 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»ΡΒ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ,Β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ² ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ,
ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΌ ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ (ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ
Ρ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ
Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ) ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎ 200β230Β°Π‘, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 10β15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 180Β°Π‘.Β Β
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ (Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°).Β Β
ΠΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΉ,
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ, Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ.Β Β
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΡ,
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ.
Β
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ ΡΒ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΒ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΒ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉΒ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ
βΒ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΡΡΠ°, Π»ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠ±Ρ ΡΒ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΡΡΒ
ΡΒ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΒ ΠΈΒ ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ, Π³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΒ Ρ.Π΄.Β Β
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ (ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅)
ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΠΊΠ° (ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π²
ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ), ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ·
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 3/4β1 ΡΠΌ.Β Β
ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ
Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ, Π½Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°,
Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ.Β Β
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ, Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠΆΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ
Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΡΡΠΆΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ,
ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΌ ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³.Β Β
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ (ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ), ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΌ ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ,
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Ρ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠΆΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π° 25β30
ΠΌΠΈΠ½.Β Β
Π‘Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π»Π°, Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠ°,
Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΌ:
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π² 1 ΡΠΌ, ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°
2 ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ (Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ).Β Β
ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π·Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Ρ
ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ.
Β
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅Β ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ (ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅Β
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΒ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅) Π²ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ», ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ
ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ,
ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° 5β8 ΠΌΠΈΠ½, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π»ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π΄ΠΎ 1 ΡΠΌ.Β Β
ΠΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ (ΡΠΌ.
Β«Π€Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈΒ»). ΠΡΠ°Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΆΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ.Β Β
Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ
Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ 3β4 ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° 15β20 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ
ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΌ ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ
ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ 10β15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½.Β Β
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌ.
Β
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ
ΠΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΒ Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Β
ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΒ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°
ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉΒ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΒ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ
3 ΡΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΒ Π²Β ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒ Π½Π° 15β20 ΠΌΠΈΠ½.Β Β
ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ
Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ.Β Β
ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π²
ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π° 10β15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½.Β Β
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄,
Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π»Π°.
Β
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ ΡΒ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ:Β
1 ΠΊΠ³ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ: 1 ΠΊΠ³ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ (Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°,
ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ±Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ.), 2β3 ΡΡ.
Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°, 2β3 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·ΠΊΠΈ: 1 ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΎΠΊ.Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
Π’Π΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΒ Π²Β Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠΉΒ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΒ ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΒ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 0,8β1
ΡΠΌ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΡ,
Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ
ΠΈΒ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΈ.Β Β
Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ (Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ 1 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ°Π»Π°).Β Β
ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π° Π°ΠΊΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Π½ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ
Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ.Β Β
ΠΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅
200β210Β°Π‘ Π΄ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.Β Β
Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ,
Π±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ.
Β
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ Π²ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΡΒ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ:Β
Π’Π΅ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅, ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ: 500 Π³ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ,
4 ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΠ°, 2 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°, 1/4 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°
ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°, 1 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ.Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅Β ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ.Β Β
Π Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ
ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΆΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 2β3 ΡΠΌ.Β Β
ΠΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.Β Β
ΠΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ
Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ.Β Β
ΠΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ
ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ 200-220Β°Π‘.
Β
ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ
ΠΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ:Β
ΠΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ: 1 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°, 200 Π³ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°, 1 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ², 3 ΡΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΉΡΠ° (Π² Ρ.Ρ. 1 ΡΠΉΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·ΠΊΠΈ).Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΒ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ
ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π»ΡΡΒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΒ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΒ
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎ 25β30Β°Π‘, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ²
ΠΈ 2 ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ.Β Β
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ 20β30-ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ
Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅
210β220Β°Π‘ Π΄ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.
Β
ΠΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Β Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ
ΠΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ:Β
4 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ, 1 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°, 150 Π³ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°, 2 ΡΠΉΡΠ°, 1/2 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°, 1 Ρ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ°
ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, 50 Π³ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ, 1 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°Π»Ρ, 1
ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΊ 35%-Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, 1,5 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ
ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°, Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½, ΡΠΉΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ,
ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ°.Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅Β ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΒ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡΒ Π΅Π³ΠΎΒ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΒ
ΠΏΠΎ 50 Π³, Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅Β ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΒ ΠΈΡ
Π»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΒ
Π²Β ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΒ Π΄Π°ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΒ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡΒ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡΠΌΒ
ΡΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈΒ ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π°ΠΌΠΈΒ
ΠΈΒ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Β Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΒ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ.Β Β
Π£ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠΆΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²Π΅ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΊΠΈ
ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ).Β Β
Π‘Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅
Π²Π΅ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΉ.
Β
Π‘ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΒ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡΒ
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°: 3 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ, 1,5 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°,
1,5 ΡΡ. Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°, 50 Π³ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°,
15 Π³ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ, 1/2 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ: 300 Π³ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π°, 2 ΡΠΉΡΠ°, 1,5 ΡΡ.
Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ: 80 Π³ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°.Β Β
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: 1/2 ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Ρ.Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅Β ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒ ΡΒ
Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΒ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Ρ, ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΒ
Π΅Π³ΠΎΒ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΒ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ 70
Π³Β ΠΈΒ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΒ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈΒ
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΉ
Ρ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΉΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ,
ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ
ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ.Β Β
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ.Β Β
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ.Β Β
Π‘ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ.
Β
Β
Β
Β
Β
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ
| Β |
- - ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Β - 25Π³, - Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° - 350Π³, - ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Ρ - 1ΠΊΠ³, - Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° - 1 Ρ.Π»., - ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° - 1 Ρ.Π».
ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π² 150 Π³Β Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ (ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ
Π½Π° 2 ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ). 200 Π³Ρ.
Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ 1 ΠΊΠ³ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΡ 5-7 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΒ Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ 10-15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ (ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°
Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ). ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ 1 ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½.Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΡ
Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ 5-7 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ 1 ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½.Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ
3-5 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. Β
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ
ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ
Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ³Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠ½ΡΡΡ
ΠΊ ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΉ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π₯ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ΅.
ΠΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ "ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡ" | ||||
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Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡ "ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΒ Π³ΠΎΡΡ" | ||||
ΠΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΒ Π·Π°Π΅Ρ Π°Π» ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌΒ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ», Π³Π΄Π΅Β ΡΒ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ - ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π° Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅, Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ (ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ) ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ. ΠΠ° Π²ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ, ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ. Π Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ: Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΌ Π°Π³Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° 30 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎ 20-30 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π·Β ΡΠΈΡΠΎ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ 175 Π³Ρ. ΠΠ°Π³ΡΠ΅Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π³Π°Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 1 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ! ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Β Π·Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΒ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ 6. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ°Β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΒ ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΡ, ΡΠ±Π°Π²ΡΡΠ΅Β ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΡΒ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ, Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠΌΒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΊΠΈΠΏΡΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ. Π Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅Β Π²Π·ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΌΒ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊΒ Π²Β ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΒ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ - "Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²". ΠΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΒ Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠ·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ.
Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Β Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΡΡ Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ Π²Β ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΒ
ΡΒ ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉΒ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΒ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌ
Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ
(Π²Β ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π΄Π»ΡΒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΒ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°). ΠΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΒ ΡΠΎΡ
Π½ΡΡΡΒ
Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π²Β ΡΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ (ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ,
ΠΊΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΡΒ ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΒ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΡ). ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉΒ Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡΒ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠ°Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΉ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΒ ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΈΡΡΒ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π²Π΅.Β |
Π·Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉΒ
ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ 600Π³Β
ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°pΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊ 300Π³Β
ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ 150Π³Β
ΡΠΎΠΊ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π° 10Π³Β
ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ 10Π³.Β
ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏpΠΎΡΠ΅pΠ΅ΡΡ. Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅
ΠΏΡpΠ΅ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°p ΠΈ Π²Π°pΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏpΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏpΠ΅pΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π²Π·Π±ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΡpΠ΅. Π² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ pΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎpΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½, Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅pΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ,
pΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎpΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
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