Innovations in tourist services and marketing in the light of the European trends for development of tourism (Innovations in Tourism)
Innovations
in tourist services and marketing in the light of the European trends
for development of tourism (Innovations in Tourism)Β
The idea for the project is a result of many years of efforts by the International University College for improving the quality of Bulgarian specialists in the sphere of tourism and producing competitive personnel and a tourist product on top European and World level. The conviction that this process should integrate and incorporate high schools, universities and the business world, helped us find partners in two high schools - The Professional School of Tourism and Entrepreneurship "Raiko Tzonchev" in Dobrich, and The Professional School of Tourism " Prof. PhD Asen Zlatarov" in Varna.Β The host institutions that organized the practical courses were two prominent and reliable organizations from Spain and Germany - the Spanish STEP and the German Institute for Lifelong Education (ILE).
The aim of the project was to create a working mechanism for acquisition of practical skills in the sphere of service and marketing of tourist products by applying technical innovations and modern communicational means. The practical tuition that the students received in the framework of the project is in addition to their theoretical knowledge that they have received in school.
Topics like stable tourism, modern technologies, innovative marketing approaches, etc. are not supposed to simply fill the pages of a prestigious publication for tourism. They also bring a competitive advantage that every manager should use, especially in the conditions of crisis.Β Β
For four weeks, 20 students from The Professional School of Tourism and Entrepreneurship "Raiko Tzonchev" in Dobrich and The Professional School of Tourism "Prof. PhD Asen Zlatarov" in Varna had the opportunity to learn their first important real-life lessons in the centre of two of the most popular world destinations - Β Seville and Berlin. The participants received knowledge in the following theme directions of the module "Innovations in Tourism": Stable Tourism, Technological Innovations in Tourism, and Innovations in the Marketing of the Tourist Activities. Before their departure, respectively for Spain and Germany, the future tourist experts visited a course in Spanish and German that also included specifics of the culture in both countries in order to raise the cultural awareness of the students and, thus, make them more adaptive to the practical education.Β
After the return of both groups a contest for creation of a group concept for e-marketing was held. After an emotional and challenging contest the students from The Professional School of Tourism and Entrepreneurship "Raiko Tzonchev" in Dobrich were declared winners.
As a result of the project, the International University College decided to accept and preliminary acknowledge the credits of the students' practices that were taken during their secondary education, if they decide to continue their education in the same professional direction.Β
The project was widely
presented in both, Dobrich and Varna, media companies. Detailed information
for the results of the practical education was published in a brochure
and a film.Β
The project was financed by Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP), Leonardo da Vinci Sector Programme, of the European Union.
ΠΠΠΠΠ 7. ΠΠ£ΠΠ£Π©ΠΠΒ ΠΠΠΠΠ£ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π’Π£Π ΠΠΠΠ
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Β
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎΒ ΡΒ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡΒ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²:Β Β
Β
1. ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅,
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ, ΡΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π»Ρ, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ;Β Β
2. ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ
Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ
ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π² Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΠΉΡΠΈΠ΅ 15 Π»Π΅Ρ.Β
Β
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»
ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ
Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ
ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ,
Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅
ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ°.Β Β
Β
ΠΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
, ΡΡΠΎ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ.
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉΒ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ
ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΒ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅Β ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΒ
Π²Β ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ 80-Ρ
- Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ 90-Ρ
Β Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΒ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ
Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 2000 Π³. ΠΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄
ΠΊ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Π‘ΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄. Π ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ
ΠΠ΅Π½Π³ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π§Π΅Ρ
ΠΈΡ.Β
Β
Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π° Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ²,
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΠΈ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°
ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°.
Π’Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ
ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΒ -
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π²
ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ,
ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π°Ρ
,
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ.Β
Β
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π±ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠ‘Π)
ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΡ Π²
ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ 60-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ½Π°
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π‘Π¨Π. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ
Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠ· ΠΠ‘Π Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π‘ΠΠ ),
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° 80-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ.
Π Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ
ΠΊΡΡΠ³ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²: ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ,
ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²
ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. ΠΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π‘ΠΠ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ,
Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°.Β
Β
Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ
ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
ΠΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ
ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π² Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ
Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ;
ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ;
ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ±Π΅
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
; ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Ρ.Β
Β
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ,
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ²Π°
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ [18]. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ
ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅
ΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Ρ 6 Π΄ΠΎ 8% Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ
Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
.Β
Β
Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ XXI Π².
Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. Π’ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΅
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Π² Π±Π΅Π·Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ
ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΒ Π²Β Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΒ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΒ
Β
Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆ.
ΠΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ’Π, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ
Π² 1991 Π³. Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π½Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ,
ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½
ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ,
Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.Β
Β
Π‘ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, Π² Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ
Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Ρ
Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ± ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅, ΡΠΎ Π² Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ,
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π² Π¨Π²Π΅ΠΉΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎ 2010 Π³. ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ 40% Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ.Β
Β
Π‘ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ,
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ "Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ" ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ,
ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π΄Π΅-Π½ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΄Ρ
Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ,
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ.Β
Β
Π’ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π² 90-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΌ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π» ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΊΡΡΠ°ΠΌ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ
Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ,
Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π² Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ
ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ
Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°,
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅
ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²
Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ
ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²
ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ
Π° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°
Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.
ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ»Π΅Π½Π΄Π° ( Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π€Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π² Π‘Π¨Π, Π² Π―ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ) ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ
Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ 1 ΠΌΠ»Π½ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ
10% ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ².Β
Β
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ
ΠΈ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ².Β
Β
Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅
ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π‘ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»ΠΈ, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π°
ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ "Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ", Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΆΠ°Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ,
ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅,
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ
Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅
Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ
ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ.
Hotels that float and fly - welcome to the future of tourism
Β
Published onΒ Sunday 12 December 2010 16:58
Huge airships containing apartments and aqua-village floating holiday resorts are among tourist developments that could feature by 2030, according to a report to be published today.
β’ Thomson's vision includes resorts floating off Monaco. Picture: PA
The airships would be vast structures featuring bars and restaurants, trend forecasters the Future Laboratory said.
The aqua-villages would harvest energy from the sun, wind and rain and could be moved from one location to another.
By 2030 the travel world could also see the world's largest airports transformed into aerovilles - destinations in their own right, featuring cinemas, hotels and restaurants.
In 20 years, second-generation biofuels developed from algae could be mixed with jet fuel to power aircraft with significantly reduced carbon emissions, according to the report, commissioned by Thomson Holidays.
This vision of the future of tourism could help save some of the world's most vulnerable tourist destinations such as Venice, Cambodia's Angkor Wat, Machu Picchu in Peru, and the Great Pyramids in Egypt, the research claims.
The report said radical changes in tourism are needed to prevent a number of bleak scenarios from becoming reality by as early as 2030.
It claims climate change and over-consumption of water is turning some of the world's most popular holiday destinations into deserts and putting world heritage sites at risk. However, rather than advocating that tourists stay at home, the report says the new eco-friendly developments will ensure people can enjoy foreign holidays with a clear conscience.
It creates a vision of the hotel room of the future that includes energy-saving features such as bathrooms where water from the basin and shower is used to flush the toilet and where a device called a Waterpebble sits in the plughole and glows red when too much water is used.
High-efficiency windows that minimise glare and heat and can also be dimmed will reduce the need for air conditioning or curtains, according to the report.
Other elements include low-energy coved ceiling lights powered by the resort's own wind turbines and solar panels.
The report suggests holidaymakers will want to be able to check a resort's carbon emissions before booking.
Jane Ashton, head of sustainable development at Thomson Holidays, said: "In order to meet the demands of social, environmental and legislative changes over the next decade, we need a radical shift in how sustainable holidays look and feel, and the way in which we all behave on holiday."
VisitScotland, which operates a Green Tourism Scheme, said its own research also indicated tourists were increasingly concerned about sustainability.
March 30, 2009 The double deck Airbus A380 has set new high standards for luxury accommodation in the air but, unless you can afford to deck out your own A380Β as a private jet, the Hotelicopter concept aims to top this airborne opulence by equipping a four story converted heavy lift aircraft with 18 luxuriously-appointed room hotels.
- View
allΒ
Modeled on the Soviet Mil V-12, the largest helicopter ever built, of which only two prototypes were built in the 1960s, the Hotelicopter company would like us to believe they purchased one of these prototypes in 2004 with the Hotelicopter now ready for its maiden flight in June 26th. We're not sure that we do, but we like the concept.
While the computer generated images of the Hotelicopter show a lot of imagination, the specified Maximum Takeoff Weight of 105850 kg (232,870 lb) is actually exactly same as that of the original Mil V-12 which is highly unlikely given the Hotelicopter has at entire 3 story luxury hotel added onto it. No need to remind readers that it is April 1st this week.
The design outlined at the Hotelicopter site includes soundproofed rooms, each boasting a queen-sized bed, fine linens, a mini-bar, coffee machine, wireless internet access, and all the luxurious appointments youβd expect from a flying five star hotel - there's even the promise of room service.
The original Mil V-12 was an amazingly large helicopter which absolutely dwarfs any heavy lift Helicopter in use today. Each rotor had a diameter of nearly 115 ft (35m), mounted at the end of a large wing, making the distance from the tips of each rotor blade wider than the wingspan of a Boeing 747. The two Soviet built V-12s did fly and still hold the helicopter heavy lift world record of 44,205 kg (88,636 lb) at a height of 2,255m (7,398 feet) set on August 6th 1969 but were simply too big and difficult to maneuver to be practical so never reached production.
HotelicopterΒ has announced a travel schedule for the flying hotel starting with the inaugural flight from John F. Kennedy International Airport June 26th 2009. Tickets will be on same at an undisclosed price once their reservation system is open. We'd like to believe it will happen, but
Π Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΒ
ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅Β ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅
ΠΈΒ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°,ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅
Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
.ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ,Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅,Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π² Π‘Π΅ΡΠ»Π΅.Β
Β
ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ,Π½ΠΎ
ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
.ΠΡΡΡΠΎΠ²
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β VivaΒ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ Π³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ.ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ,Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ
Π·Π°Π»,Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ,Π±Π°ΡΡ,ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ,ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅
Π·Π°Π»Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠΊΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.ΠΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ
ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΒ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°,Π½ΠΎ
ΡΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° Π° ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²,ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ·Ρ,Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ½Ρ!
+10
ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Β
Β
Β
Β
Π§ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈΒ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°,ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
,ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ Π²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°,ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° 2000 ΡΠΎΠ½Π½,Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ
ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π».ΠΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 3250 ΠΊΠ²Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²,Π° Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅
ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² β Vista ΠΈ Tera.
Β
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΒ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉΒ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½
ΡΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡ
54 ΠΊΠ²Π°Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Β ΠΈΒ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ°,ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ.ΠΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΉ
Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ.

- Inperialism Essay Research Paper Imperialism what exactly
- Inrony In
- Insanity In
- Insanity The Idea And Its Consequences By
- In Search Of Our Mothers Gardens Essay
- In Search Of Respect Essay Research Paper
- Inside The Oval Office Essay Research Paper
- InHouse Counsel Essay Research Paper INHOUSE COUNSELWhen
- Injustices Of Society Essay Research Paper Both
- Inner City Poverty Essay Research Paper Social
- Inner City Problems In The UK Essay
- Innocence Essay Research Paper InnocenceAccording to the
- Innocently Executed Essay Research Paper Innicent men
- Innovation and technology management