Psychology of Dreams. Anthology Table of Contents Carl Gustav Jung. Function and analysis of dreams.

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Psychology of Dreams. Anthology Table of Contents Carl Gustav Jung. Function and  analysis of dreams.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

                                                                                            Pasechnik.N                                                     

Discussion of some details of the origin of our dreams dictated by the fact that the soil from which grows the majority of characters. Unfortunately, they are difficult to understand. As I have pointed out, the dream did not like the story of the life of the conscious mind. In ordinary circumstances, we think about what to say, we choose the most expressive way to transfer ideas and trying to make the story coherent. For example, literate people will avoid too complex metaphors, so as not to create confusion in understanding. But dreams have a different structure. The images seem contradictory, ridiculous crowding in sleeping brain, lost sense of normal time, even the most ordinary things in a dream can take a mysterious and menacing.

It may seem strange that the unconscious has its own material is so different from the accepted norms, which we awake, we impose on our minds. Anyone who paused a moment to remember the dream, recognizes this difference the main reason why dreams are so difficult to understand. They do not make sense in terms of the waking state, and therefore we are inclined or do not take them into account or considered "balamutyaschimi water."

Maybe this will be better understood if we first recognize that the ideas with which we deal in this, apparently, disciplined life, is not as clear as we would like to believe. On the contrary, their meaning (and emotional significance for us) becomes less accurate the closer we are considering them. The reason lies in the fact that what we have heard or experienced, can become subliminal, ie it can sink into the unconscious. And even then, that we keep in mind and can reproduce them at will, becomes unconscious shades, coloring or that thought every time, how we reproduce. Our conscious impression quickly learns the element of unconscious meaning, which actually means to us, although we do not consciously recognize the existence of this subliminal sense, or that conscious and unconscious being mixed and the resulting sense to us.

Of course, these psychological nuances are different in different people. Each of us perceives the abstract and general terms individually, in the context of your own mind. When in conversation, I use terms such as "State", "money", "health" or "society", I assume that my audience understands them under approximately the same as me. But the word "approximately" is important. After all, any word for a man slightly different in meaning than another, even among people of the same culture. The reason for such fluctuations (volatility point) is that the general concept is perceived in the individual context and, therefore, understood and used individually. The difference in the sense, of course, is most significant for people with different social, political, religious and psychological experience.

While the concept is formulated only in words, the variations are almost invisible and does not play a practical role. But when the exact definition or detailed explanation, you can suddenly find a striking difference not only in a purely intellectual understanding of the term, but especially in its emotional tone and application. Typically, these differences are subthreshold and therefore never understood.

Typically, these differences are neglected, considering their excess nuances of meaning, have little to do with the practical everyday needs. But the fact that they exist, shows that even the practical content of consciousness includes around twilight of uncertainty. Even the most carefully formulated philosophical or mathematical concepts, definitions, we believe, do not contain anything other than what we have invested in them, yet are more than we think. They are the creations of the mind and, as such, partly unknowable. Prime numbers, which we use at all, mean more than we think. At the same time they represent a mythological element (for Pythagorean numbers are represented by the sacred), but, of course, we do not take into account when we use them for domestic purposes.

Each concept in our unconscious mind has its own psychic connection, association. Since these connections can vary in intensity (in accordance with the importance of a concept for our whole person, or in relation to other concepts, ideas and even complexes with which it is associated in our unconscious), they are able to change the "normal" character the concept. The latter may acquire an entirely different meaning when shifted below the level of consciousness.

These subliminal elements of what is happening to us can play a minor role in our daily lives. But the analysis of dreams, when a psychologist has to deal with the manifestations of the unconscious, they are very important, as are the roots, though almost imperceptible, our conscious thoughts. Therefore, usually, and objects and ideas in the dream may acquire such a powerful psychological impact that we can wake up in terrible anxiety, although it would seem, in a dream we did not see anything wrong - just a locked room or a missed train.

The images are in dreams, far more vital and picturesque than the corresponding concepts and experiences in waking. One reason for this is that the notion of a dream can express their unconscious meaning. In its findings conscious thoughts, we restrict ourselves to the limits of rational statements - statements that much paler, as we remove them from most of the mental connections.

I recall my own dream, which was hard for me to comprehend. In this dream, a man tried to come up behind me and jump on my back. I do not know about him except that he once picked up my cue and famously parodied it. I could not see the connection between this fact and attempt to jump in a dream to me. In my professional life, it often happens that someone misrepresented the idea that I expressed, but perhaps I would have thought angry about this. There is a known value in maintaining conscious control of emotional reactions, and soon I got to the essence of the dream. It used the Austrian household word, translated into a visual image. This phrase is quite common in everyday life - "you can climb on my back" means the following: "I do not care what you say about me." U.S. equivalent of such a dream would be: "Go jump in the lake."

One could say that the dream seemed symbolic, since he did not express the situation directly, but indirectly, through metaphor, which I at first could not understand. When this happens (and it happens often), it is not deliberate "deception" of sleep, but just a reflection of a lack in our understanding of emotionally loaded language of images. In his everyday experience, we need to define things as accurately as possible, so we have learned to reject the cost of decorative fancy language and thoughts, thus losing the qualities so typical of the primitive mind. Most of us are inclined to ascribe to unconscious mental associations are unrealistic, which is a particular object or idea. Primitive as representatives, for their part, continue to recognize the existence of psychic qualities of the objects of the external world, they give the animals, plants or stones by which we consider unnatural and unacceptable.

The inhabitant of the African jungle takes night vision in the person of the sorcerer, who temporarily took its shape. Or he takes his forest life, or spirit of an ancestor of his tribe. Wood can play a vital role in the fate of the savage, obviously, sending him his own soul and voice, and with his hand the man himself paired with a sense that he shared his fate, the fate of the tree. In South America there are Indians who are convinced that they are red macaw parrot, though, and know that they do not have feathers, wings and beak. For the savage things are not as clear-cut boundaries, what they get in our "rational societies."

What psychologists call mental identity or "mystical participation" has been removed from our material world. And this is precisely the one halo, the halo of unconscious associations, which gives a colorful and fantastic sense of the primitive world. We lost him to such an extent that the meeting did not know. In us these things fit below the threshold of perception, and when they accidentally come to the surface of consciousness, we believe that there is not all right. Many times I had to advise the highly educated and intelligent people who saw deeply shaken their dreams, fantasies or experienced visions. They believed that no one in mind and memory have anything like this can not, and who still faces a similar, clearly not in his mind. One theologian once told me that Ezekiel's vision is nothing as painful symptoms, and that when Moses and other prophets heard "voices", addressed to them, they suffered from hallucinations. Can you imagine all of his horror when something like this "unexpected" happened to him. We are so accustomed to the "obvious" rational nature of our world that already can not imagine anything beyond the common sense. Savage in the face of shocking events, no doubt in his own mental competence, and he speculates about fetishes, spirits or gods.

However, our emotions, in essentially the same. Horror, generated by our refined civilization, may be no more threatening than those savages ascribed to demons. Sometimes the position of modern civilized man reminds me of a mental patient in my clinic, who himself was once a doctor. One morning I asked him how things were going. He replied that he had an amazing night sky disinfecting mercuric chloride, but in the course of this sanitization of God he could not be found.

Here we present a neurosis or something worse. Instead of God, or "fear of God" is the neurosis of anxiety or phobia. Emotion has remained essentially the same, but its object is changed for the worse and the name and meaning.

I remember a professor of philosophy, who once consulted me about the cancer phobia. He was convinced that he had a malignant tumor, although dozens of X-rays did not suggest anything like that. "I know nothing, - he said - but it could be." How did such an idea could arise? Obviously, she appeared as a result of fear, inspired apparently unconscious thinking. Painful thought seized him and held under his own control.

An educated person to admit this to him was harder than the savage complain that annoy the spirits. Malicious influence of evil spirits - a primitive culture for at least a valid assumption, but civilized man to a very deep experience to accept that his trouble - just a silly fantasy. Prehistoric phenomenon of "obsession" is not dissolved in civilization, it has remained the same. Only be interpreted otherwise, a less appealing way (way).

I've made several comparisons between modern man and the savage. Such comparisons, as I show below, essential for understanding the symbolic propensities of man and the role played by dreams of expressing them. Revealed that many dreams are images and associations, similar to primitive ideas, myths and rituals. These images were dreaming Freud called "archaic remnants", the expression suggests that they are mental elements, "survivors" in the human brain for centuries. This view is typical of those who see only the unconscious as an appendage to the consciousness (or, more figuratively, as a landfill, which resets all of which refused to mind).

Further investigation revealed that such an attitude is untenable and must be rejected. I found that the associations and images of this kind are an integral part of the unconscious and can occur anywhere - regardless of the degree of education and human mind. And these associations and images in any way not lifeless or useless "vestiges." They still live and act, proving especially valuable because of its "historical" nature. They form a bridge between the ways in which we consciously express their thoughts, and more primitive, colorful and beautiful form of expression. But this form is addressed directly to the feelings and emotions. These "historical" and the association is a link that connects the rational mind to the world of instinct.

I have already discussed the curious contrast between the 'controlled' thoughts in the waking state and the wealth of imagination in my dreams. Here you can see another reason for this difference. Because of their civilized life, we have deprived many ideas of emotional energy, the more they do not react. We use them in speech and in general, react when they use other people, but they do not produce a significant impression on us. It takes more to impress upon us more efficient in order to force us to change their attitudes and behavior. But this is precisely what makes "the language of dreams," he is so much mental energy that compels us to pay him attention.

I was, for example, a lady, known for its silly prejudices and stubborn resistance to any reasonable argument. With it, one could argue even though the whole evening without any result - it did not take into account. But her dreams took quite another direction. Once she had a dream in which she was invited to visit on a very important social occasion. She welcomed the hostess with the words: "How nice that you came from. All your friends are here and waiting for you." The hostess led her to the door and opened it, the dreamer has stepped forward and fell - in the barn!

Language has been sleeping in this case is quite simple and understandable even to the most ignorant. The woman at first did not want to take into account the content of his dream, which is simply struck her self-esteem and eventually achieved his goal. Some time later, she still found his meaning, but was never able to understand the cause of his own samoizdevki.

These messages from the unconscious is more important than most people realize. In his adult life, we are exposed to very different kinds of influences. People around us stimulate or suppress us, the events in the service or in public life distract us from his own life. Together and separately, they knocked us out of the way, typical of our personality. In any case, whether we admit or not a particular action, they have on our minds, it is stir and to some extent subject to these events. This is especially true in individuals with a strong extrovert setting or those who nurtures a sense of inferiority and doubts about its personal significance.

The longer the consciousness remains under the influence of prejudices and errors, fantasies and infantile wishes, the more will increase the role of pre-existing neurotic dissociation and ultimately lead to more or less unnatural life, far from the healthy instincts of nature and natural simplicity.

The general function of dreams is to try to recover our mental balance through the production of dream material, which restores - a very sensitive way - complete mental balance. I would call it more (or compensatory) role of dreams in our psychic life. This explains why people with unrealistic goals, or too high opinion of himself, or building the grandiose plans that do not correspond to their real capabilities, see the dream flying and falling. Sleep offset personal shortcomings and at the same time warns of the dangers of inadequate way. If warning signs are ignored by the dream, it can happen real accident. The victim can fall down stairs or get in a car accident.

I remember the case of a man caught in a large number of dubious scams. He has developed almost morbid passion for mountain climbing, in the form of compensation. He was looking for a place to "climb higher yourself." One night in his dreams he saw himself walking in a high mountain peaks in the void. When he told his dream, I immediately saw the danger and tried to warn her, urging him to limit his ascent. But all was in vain. Six months later, he stepped into the same "emptiness." Mountain guide watched as he and his friend went down the rope into a tight spot. A friend found a temporary foothold on the ledge, and a dreamer of dreams followed him down. Suddenly, he loosened the rope and, according to the guide, "like a jump into the air." He fell to his friend, both thrown down and broken.

Another typical case occurred in a lady, too highly moral. During the day she was in pride and arrogance, but at night she have dreamed a dream, filled with a wide variety of obscenities. When I suspected their existence, the lady indignantly refused to accept it. But dreams, meanwhile, continued, and their content has become more threatening, and sent to walk, that this woman used to perform in the forest, during which she indulged his fantasies. I saw this danger, but she did not listen to my warnings. Soon the forest it was attacked by a sex maniac, and only the intervention of people who had heard cries for help, saved her from imminent murder.

There is no magic in it. Dreams themselves have pointed out that this woman felt a secret passion for this kind of adventure - just like the mountaineer sought a way out of its difficulties. Of course, none of them are expected to pay such a high price: it was broken a few bones, but he did up his life.

Thus, dreams can sometimes inform about certain situations long before they occur in reality. This is not a miracle or a mystical prediction. Many of the crises in our lives have a long history of the unconscious.

We go through it step by step, not realizing the danger that accumulates. But what we have deliberately tried not to notice, often captured by our unconscious, which transmits information in the form of dreams.

Dreams often warn us in this way, although not always.

It would be naive to assume therefore that there is a benevolent "hand", which we always kept stopping. Raised some, the service of virtue sometimes works and sometimes not. The mysterious hand can even point the way to death, sometimes dreams seem to be trapped, and what are in reality. Sometimes they behave like Delphic oracle, which foretold the king that, crossing the river Khalis, he will destroy a great kingdom. Only after he was completely defeated in battle, it became clear that the kingdom was his own.

When dealing with dreams, do not get a naive. They originate in the spirit, which is not quite human character, but is rather a breath of nature - the spirit of the beautiful and noble, as well as cruel deity. To characterize this spirit, it should be rather close to the world of ancient mythology or fairy tales of the primeval forest, than the consciousness of modern man. I completely do not deny the great achievements that have occurred in the evolution of society. But these gains were achieved at the cost of heavy losses, the extent of which we are only now beginning to understand and evaluate. Part of the goal of my comparisons between primitive and civilized state of man is to show the balance of these losses and gains.

Primitive man governed mainly by their instincts, in contrast to the "streamlined" modern descendants, who have learned a "control". In the process of civilization, we are increasingly separated from our minds the deep layers of instinctive mental and ultimately from the somatic basis of mental phenomena. Fortunately, we have not lost these basic instinctive strata; they were only in the form of images of a dream. These instinctive phenomenon - they, incidentally, is not always possible to recognize as such because they are symbolic in nature, - play a vital role in what I call the compensatory role of dreams.

To preserve the constancy of mind, and, if anything, physiological health, the unconscious and consciousness must be linked closely to move along parallel paths. If they split or "dissociated," psychological instability occurs. In this respect the symbols of sleep - important ambassadors for the instinctive to the rational part of the human mind, and their interpretation enriches the poverty of consciousness, as she teaches him to understand the forgotten language again instincts.

Of course, people are inclined to doubt this function again, because characters often go unnoticed or unappreciated. In everyday life, understanding dreams is regarded as an unnecessary exercise. This can be illustrated by my research of a primitive tribe in East Africa. To my surprise, the natives denied having seen any dreams. But gradually, as a result of patient nenastoychivyh conversations with them I realized that they, like all dream, but that they believe that their dreams do not have any sense. "Dreams of the common man do not mean anything" - they said. They believed that only the chiefs and medicine men dreams can mean something; of these people depend on welfare of the tribe, respectively, and their dreams of receiving a specific meaning. True, there lies the difficulty - the chief and medicine man said that at present they have no meaningful dreams. The date of their loss, they attributed to the time when the British came to their country. Now the mission of the "great dream" took over the District Commissioner, an English officer in charge of their affairs - his "dreams and guide" the behavior of the tribe.

When the natives still acknowledged that dream, but consider them to be meaningless, they looked like quite a modern man who is convinced that the dream - nonsense, because in it he could not understand. But even civilized man can see that the dream (which he may even forget it) can change its behavior for better or for worse. Sleep in this case was "perceived", but only a subconscious way. So usually what happens. Only in very rare cases where sleep is particularly impressive or repeated at regular intervals, the majority considers it necessary clue.

It should be a warning about an ignorant or incompetent analysis of dreams. There are people whose mental condition was so unstable that the interpretation of their dreams can be extremely risky, in which case too one-sided consciousness cut off from the corresponding irrational or "crazy" the unconscious, and these two should not throw together without adequate preparation.

In a broader sense, it would be a folly to assume that there is a ready-made systematic interpreter of dreams, which is only enough to buy and find the appropriate symbol. No single character is sleeping can not be taken separately from the person who saw this dream, and no single unambiguous interpretation of any dream. Everyone is so different in the choice of the ways in which it complements or compensates the unconscious mind, which is absolutely impossible to be sure that the dreams and their symbols can be somehow classified.

True, there are dreams and some characters (I would prefer to call them "motifs"), rather typical and common.

Among these reasons are most frequent falling, flying, stalking wild beasts or enemies, appearance in public places in the nude or half-naked form or in ridiculous clothes, the state of haste or lost in a crowd of unorganized, unarmed combat in a state or a worthless weapon debilitating runaway to nowhere . The typical infantile motif is a dream with sprouting up indefinitely large or indefinitely reduced to small, or the transition from one to another - that we often see, for example, in Lewis Carroll in "Alice in Wonderland." But it should be emphasized that these motives should be considered in the context of the dream, and not as a self-explanatory codes.

Repeated sleep - a special phenomenon. There are cases when people see the same dream from early childhood to old age. Dream of this kind is an attempt to compensate for any single defect in respect of the dreamer's life, or it can be accomplished because of a traumatic moment that left a definite bias, prejudice, caused some damage. Sometimes the dream can warn you about some important event in the future.

For several years I had a dream motif, in which I "opened" in their home living space, whose existence is not suspected. Sometimes it was the room they lived in my long-dead parents, which my father, to my surprise, equipped laboratories, and there studied comparative anatomy of fish, and his mother kept the hotel for visitors to the ghost. As a rule, unknown to me until now a guest wing was of an ancient historical building, long forgotten, and yet, I have inherited property. Inside was an interesting antique furniture, and towards the end of this series of dreams, I found an old library with unknown books. In the end, the last dream, I opened one of the books and found an abundance of well executed symbolic drawings. I awoke with a pounding heart with excitement.

A little earlier, before I saw the final dream of the series, I ordered a bookseller one of the classic compilations of medieval alchemists. Looking through the literature, I found a quote, which had, as I thought, the connection with the early Byzantine alchemy, and wanted to test it. A few weeks after I saw in a dream an unknown book, the packet came from a bookseller. It was parchment is dated XVI century. It was illustrated with charming drawings of the symbolic, which immediately reminded me of those pictures that I saw in a dream. In terms of re-opening of the principles of alchemy, the incoming part of me rethink psychology motif repeated dream sufficiently clear. The house itself was a symbol of my identity and conscious of its area of ​​interest, and an unknown extension was an anticipation of the new areas of interest and exploration, of which the consciousness of the time nothing was in charge. More of this dream - and took over 30 years - I've never seen.

I began this work, noting the difference between a sign and symbol. The sign is always less than the concept it represents, while the symbol is always greater than its immediate obvious meaning. Characters also have a natural and spontaneous in origin. None of genius did not sit down with pen or brush in his hand, saying: "Now I invent a symbol." It is impossible to rationalize the idea of ​​reaching its logical or intentionally, and then give it the "symbolic" form. No matter how fantastic you can snap to fasten on the idea, it would still be a sign associated with conscious thought behind it, but not the symbol, hinting at something else unknown. In dreams, symbols occur spontaneously, as dreams are obtained, not invented, so they are a major source of our knowledge about symbolism.

But it should be noted that the characters are shown not only in dreams. They occur in a variety of psychiatric manifestations. There are symbolic thoughts and feelings, symbolic actions and situations. Sometimes it seems that even inanimate objects cooperate with the unconscious part of the formation of symbolic images. These are numerous, well-attested cases of stopping the clock at the time of the death of their owners. As an example we can point to the case of the pendulum clock of Frederick the Great at Sanssouci, which stopped when the emperor died. Other common cases - mirrors, giving the crack pattern, falling at the time of death, or unexplained small breaks in the house where someone has come an emotional shock or crisis. Even if the skeptics refuse to believe such reports, stories of this kind will still arise and multiply, and that alone should serve as proof of their psychological significance.

There are many characters that are by their nature and origin are not individual but collective. This is mainly religious images. The believer believes that they divine origin, they are given to man by revelation. An atheist or skeptic will claim that they simply invented, contrived, but both would be wrong. It is true skeptic believes that religious symbols and concepts are the subjects of the most careful and quite conscious design for centuries. Equally true - so says the believer - that their origins are so deeply buried in the mysteries of the past, it seems obvious that their vnechelovecheskoe origin. In fact, they are "collective representations" coming from the primeval dreams and creative fantasies. As such, these images represent the spontaneity and certainly by no means intentional inventions.

As I will argue below, this fact has a direct and important in the interpretation of dreams. If you think a symbolic dream, then obviously you will interpret it differently than a person who believes that the energy of thought or emotion is known in advance and only "in disguise" sleep. In this case, the interpretation of sleep has almost no sense, because you realize just what was known in advance.

For this reason, I always told students: "Learn everything you can about the symbolism, but forget all that when interpreting a dream." This advice is important in practice, and from time to time I remind myself that I could never well enough to understand someone else's dream and interpret it correctly. I do this to check the flow of their own associations and reactions that may begin to prevail over the turmoil and uncertain fluctuations in the patient. Since the analyst is most important to perceive as accurately as possible the specific meaning of sleep (ie, the contribution that the unconscious brings to mind), it is necessary to investigate sleep very carefully.

When I worked with Freud, I had a dream that can illustrate this. I dreamed that I was "home" on the second floor of a cozy living room, furnished in the style of the XVIII century. I'm surprised because I've never seen this room, and I wonder what it is like the first floor. I go down and find that there is fairly dark, but the room itself contains wall panels and furniture dating from the XVI century. And perhaps even earlier. My surprise and curiosity grow. I want to see what's inside the house.

I went down to the basement, find the door, followed by a stone staircase leading into a large basement room. Paul is lined with large stone slabs, the walls look very ancient. I am looking into the mortar and find that it is mixed with broken bricks. It is obvious that the walls are the Roman era. My excitement is growing. In a corner of a slab of stone I see a ring of iron. Stretch out the stove top - in front of me another narrow flight of stairs leading down into a kind of cave, seemingly prehistoric tomb. At the bottom are two skulls, some bones and a little broken pottery. Then I wake up.

If Freud in the analysis of this dream followed my method of studying its specific context and associations, you would have heard a very long history. But I fear that would have rejected it as an attempt to escape from a problem that really was his own. In fact, a dream to provide a summary of my life and be more specific - my mind. I grew up in the house, whose age was 200 years old, the furniture was three hundred years ago, and by the time my significant spiritual achievement was to study the philosophy of Kant and Schopenhauer. The greatest news is the opening of Charles Darwin. Shortly before that I was still living with medieval notions of their parents, who have ruled the world, and men divine omnipotence and providence.

Now, this view has gone. My Christianity has become very relative after a meeting with Eastern religions and Greek philosophy. For this reason, on the first floor all looked so dark, quiet and uninhabited.

In those days my historical interests have evolved from initial studies of comparative anatomy and paleontology while working as an assistant in the anatomical institute. I dragged finds of fossil hominids, including Neanderthals much discussed and highly controversial skull of Pithecanthropus Dubois. In fact, this was my real association in a dream, but I did not dare mention the turtles, skeletons and bones to Freud, because he knew that this topic is better left untouched. He lived implicit idea that I have a feeling his early death. He made this conclusion from the fact that I have expressed explicit interest in the mummified corpse found in the so-called town Bleykeller in Bremen, which we visited together in 1909 on his way to a ship going to America.

That's why I did not want to appear with his own ideas. Too much impressed by the recent experience, which showed almost unbridgeable gap between our views. I do not want to lose his position and friendship by opening his own world, which I thought would be strange to him. Feeling very insecure, I almost automatically lied to him about my "free association" in order to avoid the impossible task acquainted with my very personal and totally different internal structure.

Should apologize for this rather long story about the delicate situation in which I found myself telling my dream to Freud. But this is a good example of the difficulties faced by anyone who deals with the analysis of real dreams. Much depends on the difference in personality type analyst and analysand.

I soon realized that Freud looks at me some incompatible desires.

To test, I suggested that the skull which I saw, could relate to some members of my family, whose death for some reason I could wish for. This was welcomed, but I'm not satisfied with this, in fact, a false move. When I tried to find suitable answers to the question of Freud, he was suddenly startled thought on the role played by the subjective factor in the psychological sense. My epiphany was so stunning that I thought only about how to get out of this difficult situation, and found nothing better than to simply lie. Moral considerations have given way to the threat of a major quarrel with Freud, which I absolutely did not want for many reasons.

The essence of the enlightenment was also understood that my dream makes sense in myself, in my life and my world, contrary to theoretical constructs other external reason, constructed according to its own goals and objectives. It was a dream not of Freud, and mine, and I like when a flash of light, he realized its importance.

This example illustrates the most important in the analysis of dreams. Analysis itself is not so much a technique that can be learned and then applied according to the rules of the multicast as a dialectical exchange between two persons. If his conduct mechanically, individual psychological identity is lost and therapeutic problem is reduced to a simple question: whose will would prevail - the patient or the analyst? For the same reason I stopped the practice of hypnosis because they do not wish to impose their will on others. I wanted to healing was based on the personality of the patient, not by my suggestions, which may have only a transitory value. I have sought to protect and preserve the dignity and freedom of their patients, so that they could live according to their own desires. In the episode with Freud for the first time I realized that before you build general theories about man and his soul, we must learn more about the real human device with which we deal.

Individual - this is the only reality. The further we move away from it to the abstract ideas about Homo sapiens, the more often fall into error. Nowadays, social upheaval and rapid social change on an individual is necessary to know much more than we know, since so much depends on his mental and moral qualities. But if we want to see things in proper perspective, we need to understand the past of man as well as its present. For this reason, understanding the myths and symbols is essential.