Иностранный язык в сфере юриспруденции Ответы на 3 теста и Итоговое тестирование Витте МУИВ (Решение → 49138)

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The legal system in many countries, including ……. , is based on common law.

Canada

Australia

New Zealand

Russia

People usually try to ... disputes in informal ways.

produce

set up

discuss

settle

Governments use civil and public laws to ... social control.

establish

govern

produce

involve

The most common torts are:

the tort of deformation.

the tort of conversion

the tort of nuisance

the tort of trespass

The main categories of English civil law are:

law of contracts

legal law

land law and family law

law of torts

Barristers specialize in … in front of a judge.

arguing cases

assisting employees and employers

drawing up wills

giving advice

Civil law concerns relationships between:

the rights of private persons

the duties of private persons

state

private persons

The constitutional law in the UK consists of:

claims

constitutional conventions

statute law

common law

Substantive law creates, defines, regulates … in all area of law.

duties

agreements

liabilities

rights

There can be three parties in the trust:

a trustee

a settler

a trustor

a beneficiary

Someone who is accused of a crime in a criminal case.

A person who has studied law and can act for people on legal business.

Установите соствие между понятиями на латинском языке и их определениями на английском:

per annum

ipso facto

inter alia

de facto

pro forma

Установите соствие между понятиями и их определениями:

money claimed by someone as compensation for harm done

a specialist court outside the judicial system which examines special problems

a disagreement or argument between parties

not guilty of a crime

a set of arguments or facts put forward by one side in a legal proceeding

Установите последовательность структуры в документе «Agreement to provide legal services»:

Counterparts

Dispute Resolution

Terms of Payment

Duration, Alteration and Termination of the Agreement

Obligations of the Consultant

Obligations of the Client

Subject Matter

To send someone to prison or to a court.

Установите последовательность структуры в документе «Trial Brief»

Introduction

Summary of Argument

Statement of Facts

Conclusion

Argument

Question Presented

Complete the passage below with the words given below:

In England and Wales, a barrister is a member of one of the Inns of Court (= the four law societies in London to which are members); he or she has passed and spent one year in training) before being (= being fully accepted to practise law). Barristers have the in all courts in England and Wales: in other words, they have the right to speak, but they do not have that right .

Match the headings A-E with the paragraphs 1-5

A. an unspoken implied or understood contract between a shop and a customer

B. loan agreement

C. employment contract

D. franchise agreement

E. a tenancy (agreement)

1. I went into the supermarket and chose the items that I wanted. As soon as my basket was full, I headed for the checkout.

2. The property is unfurnished, and the rent is £650 pcm, which has to be paid monthly in arrears. Electricity, gas and phone bills are extra. There's a communal garden and a communal parking area, for which I also have to pay a nominal maintenance fee. The landlord is responsible for any repairs to the property. I'm not allowed to sublet at any time. I've signed the lease for 18 months.

3. We're opening our own branch in the town centre next week. The deal is fairly simple: we get the right to use the company's name, their trademark, their trade names and products, wear their uniforms and use their stationery. They also provide our staff with all the necessary training, give us invaluable managerial assistance and provide advertising materials. In return, we have to meet specific requirements, such as quality of service, maintaining good customer relations, and following the company's standard procedures. Oh, and buy all the products we sell from them, naturally.

4. The total amount you are borrowing is £9,000 at an APR of 6.6%. Repaid in monthly instalments over 3 years, this gives you a monthly repayment figure of £275.46, totalling £9,916.56. You have opted out of the repayment protection premium scheme. If you wish to make an early settlement, the figure above will be recalculated accordingly. As soon as you sign a form, your funds will be released into your bank account. Please note that penalties will be applied if you default on repayments.

5. This appointment is for a period of two years, following a 4-:week probationary period. Your remuneration package includes an annual gross salary of £32,000. You are entitled to sick pay and 6 weeks annual leave after you have been with us for 3 months. Your hours of work are 9 to 5 Monday to Friday, although you may be asked to work overtime during busy periods. The company has its own medical and pension schemes which you may join.

Установите последовательность структуры в документе «Working Draft»

Facts

Question Presented

Caption

Discussion

Conclusion (answer the question as a whole)

Brief Answer

Criminal law proscribes conduct perceived as

assisting in charity

harmful endangering to the property

threatening

harmful endangering to the health, safety, and moral welfare of people

“Guilty Act” may be accomplished:

by an action

by an omission to act, which is a legal duty to act.

by threat of action

by contract

to commit a wrong:

совершать правонарушения

участвовать в правонарушении

совершать ошибку

совершить зло

to concern disputes:

беспокоиться о споре

согласовывать спорные вопросы

интересоваться спорами

касаться споров

The core crimes under international law are:

genocide

crimes against humanity

war crimes

theft

Law of trusts:

закон о доверии

закон об обязанностях

доверительное право

доверительный закон

Many criminal codes provide penalties for:

embezzlement

theft

entry onto the room

conversion

burden of proof:

телесное повреждение

бремя доказывания

основная мысль доказывания

противоправное действие

to bring a criminal action:

совершить криминальный поступок

принести дело в суд

выявить совершение преступления

возбуждать уголовное дело

Law of torts:

закон о причинении вреда

деликтное право

система наказаний за нарушения правил гражданских норм

закон о правонарушениях

Установить последовательность плана письма - совета юриста клиенту.

The legal issue(s)

Summary of the facts

Opening paragraph

The lawyer’s advice

The lawyer’s proposed action

Установить последовательность порядка слов в предложении

is a group of ordinary people

and give a verdict

the facts of the case

Jury

selected at random to decide

Установить последовательность предъявления информации.

At the first reading, the title is read to members of Parliament (MPs).

The legislative process involves three readings in both Houses.

At the third reading, the Bill is re-presented.

The Bill then goes through readings in the upper house.

All Acts must be submitted to both Houses of Parliament in the draft form of a Bill.

Then a standing committee will scrutinize the provisions in the Bill and may amend it to ensure that it enshrines the principles debated and approved at the second reading. This is reported back to MPs.

At the second reading, MPs debate proposals.

Установите соствие между словами и словосочетаниями и их синонимами:

to adopt

the Queen

re-trial

error

to overturn

Установите соствие между словами и словосочетаниями и их переводом:

act in the interests of smb

appear before a court

make legal arrangements for smth

case of public importance

injured party

put some money as security

be entitled to smth

redundancy payments

breach

The arguments used when fighting a case.

A group of 12 citizens who decide whether or not someone is guilty in a trial.

To order someone to pay money as a punishment.

Complete the sentences by rearranging the jumbled letters in bold.

For example:

The airline will comsatepen passengers for lost luggage to the value of £500. (to pay for loss or damage suffered)

Answer:

Comsatepen - compensate

1. In order to raise enough money for its new venture, the company decided to liqdateui - some of its assets. (to sell assets or stock to raise cash)

2. All of our employees are entitedl - to four weeks' holiday a year. (to have or give someone the right to do something)

3. A neutral party was called in to tedaime - between the manager and his staff. (to try to make two sides in an argument come to an agreement)

4. The company takesunder - to provide quality service at a competitive cost. (to promise to do something)

5. A lot of people were unhappy when he was paintpo - to the post of Managing Director. (to choose someone for a job)

Complete the passage below with the phrases given below:

A. People who have played their stereo equipment so loudly and at such unreasonable hours that it has disturbed and upset their neighbours are found to have committed a nuisance.

B. If the parties cannot reach agreement and settle the case between themselves, the courts have to decide who, if anyone, has been negligent and what the compensation should be.

C. The workers may be liable for conversion because making clothing out of the store owner’s bolts of fabric prevents the store owner from selling his fabric by the yard in his fabric store.

D. Libel is regarded as more serious than slander, because things that are written are obviously more permanent than things that are said.

E. The court may order the trespasser to pay damages. It may also issue an injunction -: a court order prohibiting him from trespassing again.

People are not allowed on private land without consent. This has given rise to the saying 'An Englishman's home is his castle'. For example, the law is that only people who are allowed to come into your home are those who are lawfully there -: either at your 'invitation', or because they have been given authority to enter by the courts, such as the police entering your home after first obtaining a warrant. Someone who unlawfully invades your property may be sued for trespass .

Each year thousands of people are killed or injured in road accidents or accidents at work. This frequently happens because somebody has been in breach of their duty to take reasonable care for the safety of others. This means that they were negligent in some way. .

We all have the right to enjoy our property. The legal meaning of this word is that we have the right to keep it without its value to us being disturbed or spoiled. A person who does spoil another's enjoyment of his or her property can be ordered to pay damages. He can also be ordered to stop committing the nuisance -: by an injunction. .

This tort concerns damage to reputation. . Things that are broadcast on radio or television, and which may therefore reach millions of people, are also regarded as libel, not slander.

It is an intentional tort in which one person “takes” someone else’s property by using or altering the property in a way that is inconsistent with the rights of the owner. .

Невозможно иметь общество без законов.

It is not possible to get a society without laws.

It is possible to have a society without laws.

It is not possible to have a society without laws.

It is not possible to have a society with laws.

Билет на поезд представляет контракт с правовыми обязательствами.

A train ticket represents an agreement with lawful obligations.

A train ticket represent a contract with lawful obligations.

A train ticket represents a contract with legal obligations.

A train ticket represents a contract in lawful obligations.

Сторона, начинающая гражданское дело, называется истцом.

The party brings a civil action is called the plaintiff.

The party bringing a civil action is called the plaintiff.

The party brings a civil action calling the plaintiff.

The party bringing a civil action calling the plaintiff.

A nonprofit corporation is organized for a _______ purpose.

charitable

educational

social

entertainment

Private corporations are classified as:

public service corporations

non-: profit

social networks

profit-: making

Сторона, обвиняемая в суде за преступление или правонарушение, называется чиком в обоих случаях.

The party is accused in court of a crime or a civil offence is called the defendant in both kinds of actions.

The party accused in court within a crime or a civil crime is called the plaintiff in both kinds of actions.

The party accused in court within a crime or a civil crime is called the defendant in both kinds of actions.

The party accused in court of a crime or a civil offence is called the defendant in both kinds of actions.

Государства создают законы и применяют их к своим гражданам.

Governments makes laws and regulates them against their citizens.

Governments make laws and enforce them against their citizens.

Governments make laws and regulate them with their citizens.

Governments make laws and enforces them against his citizens.

Международное право регулирует отношения между государствами, а также между гражданами одной страны и гражданами другой страны.

International law regulates friendship between governments and also between private citizens of one country and those of another.

International law regulates relations between governments and also between private citizens of one country and those of another.

International law regulates relations between parliament and also between private citizenship of one country and those of another.

International law regulate relations between governments and also between private citizens of one country and those of another.

Конституционное право регулирует действие законов в государстве и отношения между частными гражданами и государством.

Constitutional law show how the law prosecutes in the state and regulates relations between private citizens and the society.

Constitutional law shows how the law operates in the state and regulates relations between private citizens and the government.

Constitutional law shows how the law prosecutes in the state and regulates relations between private citizens and the society.

Constitutional law shows how the law prosecutes in the state and regulates relations between private citizens and the government.

A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on, as co-: workers, a business for profit. They share:

management

rules

profits

liabilities to debts

Установите последовательность предъявления информации в диалоге.

Well, it means that law students study in one of over 170 law schools that have been approved by the American Bar Association (ABA). And most of law schools are part of a university. The university may be private, without state support, or it may be supported by one of the fifty states.

How long does one have to study to get legal education in the USA?

Education in every law school lasts three years. For example, at Harvard the academic year consists of three trimesters: fall – 3,5 months, winter – 3-: 4 weeks (brief but very intensive) and spring – 4 months. What about Russia?

Law students in Russia study five years to get a University degree. There is a one-: year post-: graduate course for those who do a higher degree (Master‟s degree). After that they can apply to do a second degree working towards a PhD. This course lasts three years.

What does it mean to study law in the USA?

Установите соствие между словами и словосочетаниями и их синонимами:

to organize

debenture

every year

penalty

to fall

to acquire

Установите соствие между глаголом и существительным, чтобы получилось словосочетание:

view/inspect

raise

register/run

impose

draw up

obtain

submit/reject

The company promised to act the law. (preposition = obey the laws of a country).

Установить последовательность порядка слов в предложении

The party in power

the most members

is likely

on the committee

to have

Установите последовательность предъявления информации в письме.

What is more, the new firm is not very far away. I mention this because our partnership agreement states that if a partner leaves, he should not do business within a 5-mile radius of his old firm.

My problem is that I do not think I can afford to buy him out right now.

... I formed an accountancy partnership with David B. five years ago, specializing in accountancy services and tax advice for small businesses.

I am worried that David B. might take some of our existing clients with him to his new firm. …

My partner has now informed me he wishes to leave our firm in order to accept a partnership with a large firm specializing in accountancy for large corporations.

Установите соствие между словосочетаниями и их переводом:

to have unlimited control over the business

insider trading

to sell shares at a discount

to find personal property at risk

to raise capital

to pay debts only up to a certain limit

to be secured by a charge over accompany asset

Insider dealing is the law. (preposition = not according to the laws of a country)

Complete the sentences by rearranging the jumbled letters in bold.

For example:

The airline will comsatepen passengers for lost luggage to the value of £500. (to pay for loss or damage suffered)

Answer:

Comsatepen -: compensate

Consideration is the price paid for the promise of the other party. The price must be something of lueva - , although it need not be money. Consideration may be some right, interest or befitne - going to one party or some forbearance, detriment, slos - or responsibility given, suffered or undertaken by the other party. So long as consiationder - exists, the court will not question its adcyequa - , provided that it is of some value.

Complete the text using the words:

What is a contract?

It is an agreement that creates a binding upon the parties. The essentials of a contract are as follows: mutual ; a legal , which in most instances need not be financial; parties who have legal to make a contract; absence of or duress; and a subject matter that is not or against public policy.