The modern office: Russian and Western approaches differ
The modern office: Russian and Western approaches differ
An opinion poll conducted among designers of office dΓ©cor has yielded a stunning result: There is a clear dividing line between βWesternersβΒ and βRussian traditionalistsβΒ with regard to the appearance of a contemporary office. Although the two groups of designers fulfill different orders to decorate different orders, the former believe that their task is to competently apply Western design solutions in Russia, while the latter counter that βRussia is unique in its specifics, which demand special solutions.β
What are the main differences between these approaches to the organization of office space? If, for example, a Western company organizes a Moscow office, it will practically resemble a standard Western office, which typically has open space with no partitions, with each workplace well planned, with a minimum of furniture, and with a well-defined color spectrum. A Western office strictly conforms to ergonomics as regards lighting, intercom, and computer network - all forming an integral part of the interior dΓ©cor.
Another characteristic feature of a Western office is its βdemocraticβΒ styling: The bossβΒ workplace looks practically the same as that of a rank-and-file office worker. As for the Western manager, he trusts his office designers more than his Russian counterparts do.
A typical Russian boss looks at the designerβs task from a totally different viewpoint. This is due primarily to our Russian traditions and mentality, which the designer has to take into account. Typically, he has to reserve for the boss a vast VIP space that takes up the bulk of the funding. A separate office space - preferable with a waiting room - for the Russian boss is a must. And if funding permits, he must also have a separate toilet, a rest and a billiard room, a sauna, and other luxuries. These normally include a dark-wood-table with inlaid designs, and other high-end furniture. The whole set-up of the bossβΒ private office gives you to understand that he is a man of considerable stature, manifestations of which are, among other things, his red carpet strips or his Persian carpet, which is more often seen in the management office of big companies nowadays.
ΠΠΏΡΠΎΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ: Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ "Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ" ΠΈ "Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ" Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π±ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎ "Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ". ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°? ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ, Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π°, Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ - Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ. ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Β«Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ» ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ: ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ. Π§ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈ. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ VIP ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ - ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ - Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ. Π Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅Ρ, ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ, ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ» Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠ° Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ.
ΠΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΒ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ
- Where do βWesternersβΒ and βRussian traditionalistsβΒ differ?
βWesternersβ and βRussian traditionalistsβ dΓ©cor is in a contemporary office.
Β
- What is a standard Western office?
A Western company typically has open space with no partitions, with each workplace well planned, with a minimum of furniture, and with a well-defined color spectrum. A Western office strictly conforms to ergonomics. Another characteristic feature of a Western office is its βdemocraticβΒ styling: The bossβΒ workplace looks practically the same as that of a rank-and-file office worker.
Β
- What is a must for the Russian boss?
A typical Russian boss has a vast VIP space that takes up the bulk of the funding. And if funding permits, he must also have a separate toilet, a rest and a billiard room, a sauna, and other luxuries. These normally include a dark-wood-table with inlaid designs, and other high-end furniture.
Β
- What does the whole set up of the bossβΒ private office demonstrate?
BossβΒ private office demonstrates that he is a man of considerable stature, manifestations of which are, among other things, his red carpet strips or his Persian carpet
Β
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΒ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΒ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ.
- Leaving the room he said that he was in a hurry.
ΠΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΡ, ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎΒ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ.
- The man making a report is a good speaker.
ΠΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄, Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉΒ ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ.
- The tourist stood in front of the monument admiring it.
Π’ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΒ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Β ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠΌ.
- The report made by him was interesting.
ΠΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉΒ ΠΈΠΌ, Π±ΡΠ»Β ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ.
- The children left at home played the computer games.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅Β Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°, ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²Β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ.
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 3. Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΉΡΠ΅Β ΡΠΊΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΒ Π²ΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ: Past Simple ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Present Perfect.
- We did business with that firm five years ago.
- Our manager received foreign businessmen this month.
- Our department was in charge of the firmβs finance since 2005.
- The secretary brought the mail in the morning.
- The bookkeeper has signed just letter of credit.
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 4. Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΉΡΠ΅Β ΡΠΊΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΒ Π²ΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ: Past Simple ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Past Perfect. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅.
- He thought he had met her before.
- The economist worked in our department for ten years.
- The head of the department received the latest catalogues last week.
- That contract that you signed is profitable for our company.
- My friend thanked me for what I had done.
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΒ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Β Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅.
- They conducted an opinion poll among designers of office dΓ©cor. β An opinion poll was conductedΒ among designers of office dΓ©cor. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
- The designers discussed the problems of the appearance of a contemporary office. - The problems of the appearance of a contemporary office were discussed by the designers. ΠΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°.
- A Western company will organize an office in Moscow. - An office in Moscow will be organized by a Western Company. ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π΅.
- The designer is planning each workplace with minimum furniture. - Each workplace with minimum furniture is being planned by the designer. ΠΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈ.
- The Western designer took into account the Russian traditions and mentality. - The Russian traditions and mentality were taken into account by the Western designer. Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ.
- The group of designers has already fulfilled the order to decorate the office. - The order to decorate the office has already been fulfilled by the group of designers. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π· Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ².
- You often see carpets in the management offices of big companies. - Carpets are often seen in the management offices of big companies. Π ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ.
- The head of the department interviewed some candidates. - Some candidates were interviewed by the head of the department. Π‘ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π» Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°.Β
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 6. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΒ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Β Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΒ ΠΈΒ ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ.
- They had a lot of work to do, so they had to work overtime.
Π£ Π½ΠΈΡ Β Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡΒ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡΒ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ.
- This place is far from here and you will have to go there by car.
ΠΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΒ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΒ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ, ΠΈΒ Π²Π°ΠΌΒ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΒ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅.
- If you go by train you will be able to see the beautiful scenery out of the window.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈΒ Π²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Β Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄Π΅, Π²Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Β ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΒ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΠ·Π°ΠΆΠΈΒ Π·Π° ΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΌ.
- The student could not answer the question.
Π‘ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ.
- Accountants must use personal computers in their work.
ΠΡΡ Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΒ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΒ Π²Β ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉΒ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅.
- This designer can help you decorate your office.
ΠΡΠΎΡΒ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΒ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡ.
- The secretary is to be at the office at 9 oβclock.
Π‘Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ Π²Β ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Β ΠΊ 9 ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ.
- You have written your test and you may go home
Π’ΡΒ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Β ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ.
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- Theoretical Grammar - Volkova
- The Passive Voice
- The Political System of the USA
- The production possibility frontier
- The radzivills
- The Republik of Kazakhstan
- The Secrets of the Human cell
- The Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- The Chinese tradition.Wang Chong philosophy
- The decision through diplomatic channels Israeli-Palestinian conflict
- The economy of england
- The Education System in Great Britain
- The marketing environment
- The modern office: Russian and Western approaches differ